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- Using Help:
-
- You have invoked Help. Press the space bar or the
- Esc key to leave this help and return to what you
- were doing. You may use the PgDn key to move one
- frame (several lines) further into the Help text,
- and the PgUp key to back up to an earlier part. The
- up- and down-arrows move you one line backwards or
- forwards though the text, while the Home and End
- keys take you to the beginning or end. All other
- keys will "beep" at you if pressed, but do nothing.
-
-
- Overview:
-
- You are running VTKermit, a terminal emulation and
- file transfer program.
-
- Terminal emulation is a feature in which your
- Personal Computer emulates (acts like) a standard
- computer terminal.
-
- Characters that you type on the keyboard are sent
- out a communications port to a remote "host"
- computer, while characters sent by the remote host
- which are received on the communications port are
- displayed on the PC's screen.
-
- VTKermit emulates a DEC VT100 terminal, so any
- "escape sequences" which perform some special action
- on a VT100 (e.g. clear screen or make characters
- extra bright) will perform the same action on a PC
- running VTKermit.
-
- Also, any special keys which exist on a VT100 are
- simulated on the PC. For example, the PC's F1
- through F4 keys "act like" the VT100's PF1 through
- PF4 keys when running VTKermit, and transmit the
- same codes to the host computer.
-
- File transfer is a feature in which files of data
- may be sent either from your PC to a remote host
- computer or from a remote host to your PC. This
- file transfer occurs over the same communication
- ports and lines that are used for terminal
- emulation. This will involve a communications port
- on your PC and a dial-up port on the host computer.
-
- File transfer with VTKermit uses a communications
- "protocol" called Kermit. This protocol was
- developed by Columbia University, and has been
- widely distributed. The Kermit protocol permits
- error-free communications over dial-up lines, even
- though the dial-up line may be noisy.
-
- Kermit corrects errors introduced by line noise by
- breaking the data transmission into "packets" and by
- detecting packets which have errors. Incorrect or
- missing packets are retransmitted until they have
- been correctly received at the other end.
-
- This method of file transfer requires you to run a
- file transfer program at each end of the
- communication line. On your PC this will be
- VTKermit, and on the host side there must be a
- program honoring the Kermit protocol. (VTKermit can
- also act as a host, or run in server mode.)
-
-
- Using Terminal Emulation:
-
- When in terminal emulation mode, VTKermit transmits
- all text characters you type to the remote host
- computer. On the IBM PC, a text character is any
- key in the "middle section" of the keyboard. This
- includes all alphabetic and numeric characters, all
- punctuation, Space, Tab, "backarrow" (Backspace or
- Delete), Esc and Return (Enter).
-
- Most of the other keys on the PC are "mapped to"
- (associated with) various VT100 keys or special
- VTKermit functions. For example, F1 transmits the
- codes which would be sent by a VT100's PF1 key, F7
- transmits the codes which would be sent by a VT100's
- up-arrow key, and F6 invokes the Help facility you
- are using now. A complete list of function and
- keypad keys and their effects appears later in this
- section.
-
-
- Numeric keypad:
-
- On the right-hand side of the keyboard, the "numeric
- keypad" attempts to act both like the numeric keypad
- on a DEC VT100 and like a VT100's arrow keys. Which
- of those two functions will be invoked is determined
- by the setting of the NUM LOCK feature which is
- toggled (turned on and off) by the Num Lock key.
- The current NUM LOCK setting is shown in the mode
- line on the bottom line of the screen.
-
-
- NUM LOCK:
-
- If NUM LOCK is ON, the keypad will act like a
- VT100's keypad. (The PC's large grey plus key acts
- like a VT100's ENTER key, while the PC's "PrtSc *"
- key acts like a VT100's keypad comma key.) If NUM
- LOCK is OFF, only the 2, 4, 6 and 8 keys on the
- keypad, corresponding to down-, left-, right- and
- up-arrows, will operate. The other keypad keys will
- simply beep at you if pressed.
-
-
- 7171 mode:
-
- A built-in 7171-MODE changes the mapping of the PC
- keyboard to more closely match that of an IBM 3270
- as seen through an IBM 7171 protocol converter. The
- PC's F1 through F10 will simulate a 3270's F1
- through F10. ALT F1 and F2 are F11 and F12.
-
-
- Other special keystrokes:
-
- In either Command Mode or Terminal Mode, ALT F7
- Exits VTKermit and ALT F8 Pushes to a new
- COMMAND.COM. ALT F5 toggles between Command Mode
- and Terminal Mode. ALT F6 will pop up a Help window
- in either mode. (F6 sends a 3270 F6 in 7171 mode.)
-
-
- Escape Character:
-
- A special character is reserved by VTKermit as an
- "Escape Character". The default Escape Character on
- the IBM PC is control right-square-bracket, which is
- displayed as ^] or Control-] and is typed by holding
- down Ctrl and pressing the ] key. Whatever the
- Escape Character is, it must be typed twice in a row
- to be transmitted.
-
- If the Escape Character is pressed once, a second
- character may then be typed to invoke a special
- function. In this case, neither character will be
- transmitted: instead, VTKermit will perform some
- action.
-
- The most commonly used second characters are C to
- Close the current terminal emulation session and
- enter command mode, and S to get the current Status
- of all settable parameters. The Close function is
- identical to the close which is invoked with the F5
- key, and Status is identical to the command mode
- Status command.
-
-
- Mode line:
-
- A mode line appears on the 25th (bottommost) line of
- the PC's display. This line reminds you that you
- are in terminal emulation mode, and suggests a few
- useful keys: F5 to go to Command Mode, F6 to invoke
- Help (as you have done) and shows you the current
- Escape Character.
-
- It also lets you know whether you are in CAPS LOCK
- state and whether the keypad is in NUM LOCK or
- arrow-key mode. Finally, the mode line shows the
- status of the simulated VT100 LEDs. If any of the
- L1 through L4 indicators is blinking then that LED
- is ON, otherwise it is OFF.
-
- The mode line may be removed by typing the Escape
- Character followed by an M. Repeating this equence
- will restore the mode line.
-
-
- Alternate Mode line:
-
- If you type the Escape Character, the normal mode
- line will be temporarily replaced by an alternate
- mode line which suggests completion characters for
- the Escape function. If you type a ? following the
- Escape Character, a list of second characters and
- their functions will be displayed and you will have
- another chance to complete the Escape function. If
- you don't want any of the choices, press the space
- bar to continue with terminal emulation.
-
-
- List of keys and functions:
-
- Function keys: F1 -- PF1
- F2 -- PF2
- F3 -- PF3
- F4 -- PF4
- F5 -- Switch to Command Mode
- F6 -- Invoke Help facility
- F7 -- Up-arrow
- F8 -- Down-arrow
- F9 -- Left-arrow
- F10 -- Right-arrow
-
- NUM LOCK ON NUM LOCK OFF
- ----------- ------------
- 0/Ins -- keypad 0 *
- 1/End -- keypad 1 *
- 2/down-arrow -- keypad 2 down-arrow
- 3/PgDn -- keypad 3 *
- 4/left-arrow -- keypad 4 left-arrow
- 5 -- keypad 5 **
- 6/right-arrow -- keypad 6 right-arrow
- 7/Home -- keypad 7 *
- 8/up-arrow -- keypad 8 up-arrow
- 9/PgUp -- keypad 9 *
- - (minus) -- keypad - (minus) *
- + (plus) -- ENTER *
- PrtSc/* -- keypad , (comma) *
-
- * Beep, no action ** No action
-
- [End of help for VTKermit]
-